Apartment Building Structures in nineteenth and twentieth centuries Research Paper

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

women in the work place essays

ladies in the work place expositions The previous decades there has been an emotional increment of ladies taking an interest in the work power from nations everywhere throughout the World including Canada. In 1950, one Canadian specialist in five was a lady. By 1980 this rate had multiplied, and ladies are relied upon to make up more than 44 percent of the work power before this present century's over. The expansion in female interest began happening during the 1970's. This expansion moreover caused the biggest time of increased birth rates that the Canadian female work power had ever seen. In North America it is regular for ladies to have low maintenance or summer occupations, and the investment pace of young ladies is high. It is likewise generally high all through the world in places as United Realm on account of the less ladies going to class. Be that as it may, in places like France, Italy, and Japan the female support rate is low. In most of the nations the work power is most partaken in the age bunches somewhere in the range of 20 and 24. The work power of develop ladies is high in Sweden, in light of the energized day care offices, which likewise furnishes the females with enactment that furnishes them with brilliant advantages. In Japan there is a drop in female financial action, the motivation behind why is it influences their marriage and the consideration of their lone youngster. A perception of work power cooperation rates in Canada show that female rates increased a great deal somewhere in the range of 1971 and 1981, while the male rate increased unnoticeably. The increment in the female cooperation rate was found in all age bunches aside from in more seasoned ladies. For ladies matured 15 to 19 the rate was as nearly as high as the men. Be that as it may, the biggest increment was in the age gathering of 25-44 years of age, where the rate rose very nearly 50 percent. This implied the investment paces of the females had gotten all the more similar with the men. Family status additionally affected the female participatio ... <!

An Easy Way to Strengthen Your Skills

An Easy Way to Strengthen Your SkillsSelf-Assessment Essay is a common way to measure one's strengths and weaknesses. It helps the student to prepare and apply for tests and exams by giving him the appropriate answers.Most high school students and university students are required to take such self assessment tests. These are also available on the internet. There are numerous websites where you can test yourself. Some of the sample questions that are offered are 'Which vegetable is grown in this house? ',' If I were to build a wall, what would be the shape of this wall? ',' Which do I love more, friends or family? ',' If I were a chef what kind of food would I make? ',' A friend of mine is suffering from asthma and he is suffering from asthma attacks all the time. Is it possible to have an allergy medication?To make your assessment essay easier for yourself you can also find the help of a review course. This can help you understand the different tools used for the assessment essays. A review course will also help you develop your skills in answering the questionnaire.To write a self assessment essay you must first prepare your topic. You can choose any subject of your choice, but this depends on your ability to decide on the topic. But keep in mind that you must be able to make the topic comprehensible to the reader so that they can see the relevance of the topics to their lives.Writing an essay is not an easy task because there are many details that need to be thought over. This means that if you feel that you do not have the aptitude for this, you should consult a professional to write the essay for you.Writing a self assessment essay is also a confidence booster for most students. One can use this as a tool to help them in their career. There are some who are even able to use it as an opportunity to broaden their horizons.For those who have enrolled in the online facilities, you can get the maximum benefit from it. To learn more about these programs, visit th e website below.

To What Extent Should We Embrace the Ideological...

Individualism is the current of thinking that values the freedom and worth of the individual. The source from Adam Smith, states that individualism benefits humankind. The perspective of the source accepts and favours individualism but rejects collectivism because it calls for individualism as being a way for individuals to promote their self interests and to achieve an efficient economy. That a nation of individuals should not seek to make every one responsible for each other; but that individuals are only responsible for themselves. Supporters of individualism, like Adam Smith, see economic freedom as leading to the most efficient and beneficial economy for the greatest number of people, because it encourages competition and they assume†¦show more content†¦One does not expect them to prepare food or drink for us because they want us to eat. The baker wants to earn enough money to feed his family and buy the things he wants and the most effective way he has found to do tha t is to bake bread for you. In fact his bread has to be good enough and the service friendly enough that you are willing to give up your money freely in exchange for his bread. The baker while serving his self-interest has produced a good that is very valuable to you. The miracle of a market system is that self-interest produces behaviour that benefits others. Sometimes self-interest can lead to price gouging, corruption or cheating, but most often it is held in check by competition. Because other self-interested people are competing in the marketplace, my self-interest is held in check. For example, the only way a baker would be able to earn his dollars is to produce bread that is better, cheaper or more convenient than the bread produced by the other bakers in town. If he was going to increase his price too much, people would likely buy bread from his competitors. If the baker would treat people poorly when they enter the store, then they would probably also buy from his competito rs. And if his bread were mouldy or inferior in any way, then the people would for sure buy from his competitors. In order for the baker to earn money, he must provide a high qualityShow MoreRelatedBusiness Leadership in Enron4743 Words   |  19 PagesEnron’s failure was due to the accounting standards and others went far to say that it was a product of integrity and fraud culture. However, this paper discusses the context of emerging trends in business and leadership practice and considers the extent to what happened in Enron is suggestive of a growing business phenomenon. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Company Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 CHAPTER 2 2.0 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Read MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors9283 Words   |  38 Pageswhereas others merit no more than a few lines? What factors decide what news professionals consider newsworthy? Such questions are often answered – by journalists and media researchers alike – with references to journalistic news values or ‘news criteria’. Some answers are normatively founded; others are pragmatic and descriptive. In the present article, I submit that editorial priorities should not be analyzed in purely journalistic terms. Instead, they should be seen as efforts to combine journalisticRead MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors 9276 Words   |  38 Pageswhereas others merit no more than a few lines? What factors decide what news professionals consider newsworthy? Such questions are often answered â€⠀œ by journalists and media researchers alike – with references to journalistic news values or ‘news criteria’. Some answers are normatively founded; others are pragmatic and descriptive. In the present article, I submit that editorial priorities should not be analyzed in purely journalistic terms. Instead, they should be seen as efforts to combine journalisticRead MoreEssay on Understanding Change15189 Words   |  61 PagesPART ONE Understanding change Perspectives on change The ethics of organizational change Planned change and its critics Strategic change Building and developing competitive advantage 3 39 73 11 1 147 CHAPTER 1 Perspectives on change 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Perspectives on change 1.2.1 Modernity, progress, and change 1.2.2 Pathways to change 1.3 Structural-functional change: changing structures and functions 1.3.1 An organization is a complex whole 1.3.2 Structural theory 1.4 Multiple constituencies:Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. 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Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pages------------------------------------------------- Essentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible

Annotated Bibliography On My Learning And Growth As A...

An Annotated Bibliography to Enhance My Learning and Growth as a Nursing Student The following paper is an annotated bibliography containing three articles found in peer reviewed journals related to the practice of nursing. After first evaluating key points of each article, I will reflect upon them to assist me in enhancing my practice as a beginner nurse. Grealish, L., Ranse, K. (2009). An exploratory study of first year nursing students’ learning in the clinical workplace. Contemporary Nurse, 33(1), 80-92. Grealish and Ranse, a senior lecturer in nursing and a lecturer in nursing at the University of Canberra, found that because first year nursing students are opportunistic learners, they are more likely to reflect upon valuable, long-lasting lessons when they feel actively engaged in both positive and negative experiences in their clinical practice. These authors acknowledge three learning triggers which they found enhance the student’s clinical education: active participation in care, emotio nal confrontation within themselves, and interacting with registered nurses who caused them to contemplate how they would present themselves as professional nurses. Grealich and Ranse suggest further research using a larger scale of second and third year nursing students who attend various institutions as they recognize the limited number of participants from a single institution as a weakness in their study; they also,Show MoreRelatedMy Personal Relationship With Writing1884 Words   |  8 Pagesdescribe my current relationship with writing, I would compare it to the uncertainty and anxiety of dating. We’ve recently gotten to the awkward transition between the â€Å"getting to know each other† stage and the â€Å"I love you to the moon and back† stage. I know that I have grown to enjoy the process of expressing my inner-most thoughts through writing, but at the same time I feel as if I don’t have the proper skills or knowledge to call myself a  "good† writer. Writing has never been my strong pointRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 PagesInformation Grand Canyon University. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher  custom textbook usage The following icons have been created to assist students’ interactive experience in usage of this textbook. These will appear across the top or bottom of every page. Table of Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Underlined text Glossary term definition/directiveRead MoreMacro Economic Analysis of Coca Cola4039 Words   |  17 PagesWriting for Students Free sample essays, research paper examples, term papers, example dissertations, writing tips and writing guidelines for high school, college and university students. Here you can also find information about custom writing services at which you can buy custom written papers online. This Blog Linked From Here | This Blog  Ã‚  Ã‚   |    | Top of Form Bottom of Form Linked From Here  Ã‚  Ã‚   | |    Thursday, December 30, 2010 Research Paper on Coca Cola Research Paper on Coca Cola CompanyRead MoreDeveloping Effective Research Proposals49428 Words   |  198 Pages next page Page vi 3.5 Data collection questions 3.6 Research questions and data – the empirical criterion 3.7 Three tactical issues 3.7.1 The importance of the pre-empirical stage 3.7.2 Questions before methods 3.7.3 Do I need hypotheses in my proposal? 3.8 Review concepts and questions Notes 4 Some Issues 4.1 The perspective behind the research 4.2 The role of theory 4.2.1 Description versus explanation 4.2.2 Theory verification versus theory generation 4.3 Pre-structured versus unfolding

Foundation Course of Managment

Question: Discuss about the Foundation Course of Managment ? Answer : Introduction The government primarily owns the Singapore airline and partly by Temasek Holdings with 56% voting power. The government has less involvement in the management of the company but takes part in crisis management. The headquarters, Airline House, of the enterprise is located in Changi Airport. The branding is done through the flight crew Singapore Girls which has largely been successful. Unlike other airlines, the company does not emphasize on quality of aircraft or the services it provides rather the use of flight crew has become the primary branding element the company uses. The Singapore girls have featured in almost the entire airlines advertisements or promotions. Although this has been successful, controversies surrounding the utilization of all female flight crew is thought to portray women as being subservient to males. The companys Logo has a bird inspired by Silver Kris derived from Southeast Asian Folklore and superstitions. This is the central element is company branding and some changes made to the logo has enlarged the some of the features such as the bird and the stripes(Johnson Whittington 2007). The airline's destinations are on five continents with 62 destinations which are connected to Singapore. Its presence is strong in Southeast Asia which connects in with international destinations around the globe. Regulations in Singapore airlines are more flexible creating stage fro formation of agreements between Singapore Airlines and other countries such as Thailand and UAE. The company currently has an operational fleet of four aircraft types; Boeing 777, Airbus A350, A380, AND A330. The in-flight services have four categories which include the first class, business class, premium class and the suites. The introduction of Boeing and Airbus has increased the rates of flights across international destinations. The airline is popular across the Asian market and has been operational since 1972. Apart from the achievements the company has experienced it has faced some unpredictable events that have shaken the airline industry. The 2008 financial crisis across the Asian market affected the Singapore revenue. Consequently, the company introduced a self-evaluating to increase competitive advantage in maintaining its market position. PESTEL analysis The PESTEL analysis is used to determine the external factors affecting the company. Analysis of the factors ensures that the corporation strategies are in line with the objectives and sustainability goals set. For Singapore airlines to cope with the changing environment requires analysis of the external factors that affect the company. These reviews enable the company to strategize on how long term goals could be achieved. Political-Legal factors For growth of the company in both local and international stage, it needs to understand the political environment within Singapore and other destination countries across the world. To successfully expand its reach to a global market require in-depth decision-making process and strategies. Within Singapore, the Singapore Airlines provide full support to the company as it has shareholdings in the enterprises explained by JohnsonWhittington (2007). Taxation on the airlines in Singapore is more favorable compared to other countries where taxation is over 30% in their respective countries such as the Japan Airlines pay 30% tax in Japan while Singapore Airlines pay 20% tax in Singapore. Aviation regulations within the airline industry standardize the services and aircraft used therefore the Singapore Airlines should take this control into considerations as they expand to different markets across the globe. The airline has faced challenges in approval to operate in the various countries for example; in 2005 it took the air time to be approved to work in Australia Operations in airspace have restrictions as countries across the globe have rules concerning the use of their airspaces. For the company to use air, it requires it to sign agreements with individual countries. Some of the air regulations include landing and flying over and are mostly agreed on by the different countries. Most of these policies are loosening which is a positive impact on the company as it can explore options on different routes it takes to the various destinations(Aviation Week 2009). Economic factors The economic factors directly affect the industry as they depend on them for operations. These factors include the price of fuel, interest rates, taxes, inflation and economic development (Singapore Airlines 2011). Economic growth in Singapore has had a positive impact on the Singapore Airlines by increasing investments resulting in the increase in customer base The financial crisis and the recession in Asian market reduced the number of clients using the Singapore Airlines. Such economic factors affect the ability of the company to project the market demand and future costs of air travel (Aviation Week 2009). It is the fuel prices keep fluctuating which directly impacts air travel expenses increasing flight costs reduces the competitive advantage of the company. Although the company has faced these setbacks, it has expanded its market in the Asian region as countries in this region have continued to open their markets to international airlines. Social factors Air travel has impacted by a change in lifestyles and social status of individuals. The air provides a range of flight options and services they prefer such as food options. The company aims at providing excellent services to its customers for example food serve from different cultures to cater for customer preferences. The company is expected to maintain its image by using the Singapore Girls as it operates across the globe. Some of the other concerns of customers before they choose the company for air travel to include fear terrorism activities, and the possibility of air accidents. The 2002 Taipei air crash which claimed 82 lives and left others wounded negatively impacted the company. Accidence has a major impact on the attitudes of the potential airline users which requires the company to strategize on how to retain their markets after such accidents. Flu epidemics have affected international travels such as the 2009 flu outbreak reduced companys stock by 4%. The company provides a safe working environment in which its employees get full benefits from the industry. The treatment that the employees receive is according to the social customs in which their opinions are taken into consideration. The airline strives to incorporate the social norms and values of its stakeholders. Technological factors Technological advancements have positively impacted Singapore Airlines and the whole industry. Technologies in air industry should be secured and standardized to protect the databases from unauthorized parties. Airline industry requires companies to adapt fast to changing technologies, or they risk losing their competition advantage. The company has incorporated various technologies such as the micro power system that ensures that clients continue working while onboard as they could charge their gadgets(Scott2008). The first and economic classes have more improved facilities compared to other airlines as the seats are technologically advanced; this enables the company to customer loyalty. The company was ranked top by traveltruth.com in 2008 for its improved services including online purchase of tickets. Environmental factors Environmental issues have increased over the past decade due to change in the climate and companies are being urged to take up responsibility for the environment. The airline industry is known for contributing to environmental pollution through air noise pollution and global warming (Aviation Week 2009). Singapore Airlines have mitigated these challenges by following the air pollution regulation and providing customers with a long lasting experience. Despite the Asian financial crisis, the airline continues to expand by purchasing new aircraft which are cleaner and environmentally friendly as noted by Ray (2008). These aircraft have reduced emissions by using efficient fuel, for example, the A380 was obtained to reduce carbon emission. The airline has prioritized customer satisfaction to enable win over new customers to check out their services and is committed to protecting the environment. Porters five forces analysis The airline industry is most intense and competitive industry; several airline companies are competing for global markets. The Porters forces analysis uses five forces to determine the competitive nature of business. The factors identified by Porter determine success rates of the company in the market. These effects include; Threat of new entrants This element refers to the ability of the company compete favorably in the market. Singapore airline dominates the Singapore market as it has been operational for decades. The airline faces the least competition from new entrants as government control dominates the passenger airline industry. The lack of new airline entries to the industry has increased congestion in international and regional hubs. Some international brands that have entered Singapore market include Air Asia and Jet Star but their operations are short term and have a global presence. Intensity of rivalry From porters theory, competition exists in different concentrations that can be termed as low or high hence the business is expected to continually study the market to ensure that customer demands are met. The intensity of competition within the airline industry is high within routes that are commonly used by passengers, for example, the London-New York-Paris route has a high number of clients who ply through these routes. Cook et al. (2012) noted that on such routes where competition is intense, punctuality by observing as it is the major factor contributing to what clients checks before using an airline. The airline is known for its excellent performance in the Kangaroo Route tat connected Southeast Asia, New Zealand and Australia as the route has few airlines operating in it. Threat of substitute services This aspect gives the extent to which airline services by replacing it other services that provide the same services. The short-term impact of these threats is minimal as air services have a unique nature as noted by Morrison (2013). Globalization has increased investment in alternative transportation facilities such as the speed rail connections between routes served by the Singapore airline. There is a possibility of speed trains taking over transportation in the future between Europe and Asia. The advancement in communication technology has reduced business travels as people could communicate real time using these technologies. Bargaining power of customers This aspect requires the airline to understand the client demands for it to survive in the industry. This issue is moderate, and the carrier is expected to project this element to ensure that it maintains and continues to develop its operations(Yun2009). Some of the factors that contribute to this aspect of airline competitiveness include travel costs, waiting for time, and attitudes towards the safety of the air. The Internet has changed how customers select airlines to use as they multiple airlines have websites and customers can compare them and make switching decisions any time before booking a flight. Bargaining power of the suppliers This aspect refers to the ability of the company to negotiate for the purchase of equipment and other supplies. In the airline industry suppliers have a high bargaining power as they determine prices of the equipment and materials. The suppliers have a monopoly over the market as there are few aircraft manufacturers (Singapore Airlines2011). The Boeing and Airbus are major suppliers of fleets while the engines are supplied by few companies that include General Electric and Rolls Royce. Business professional development For the airline to maintain and grow its market share, it has to stay committed to providing quality services. This involves analyzing and understanding market trends and being able to identify customer needs. The company should carry out research on the target market at which will provide a constant supply of information on how the company could improve its production. For the airline to maintain is brand and position in the market it has to put customer considerations in the service provision. Provision of high-quality services The airline is famous in Singapore because of its excellent services it gives to its clients. The company has to strategize on how to maintain this aspect to maintain and grow its market share Customer value Singapore airline provides high-quality products and has received positive reviews from both local and international clients. The company has existed for decades as it has continuously provided value to the lives its customers (Scott2008). Business flexibility Singapore Airlines Company should ensure that it pays attention to customer needs rather than what they think is right. This creates customer satisfaction and in turn increases sales. The company needs to strategize on how they could incorporate views and opinions of customers on the business model. In a case of mistakes, the company should not be quick to put the blame on customers rather should establish a consensus on problem-solving. Conclusion This paper is an analysis of the environment in which the company operates how best it could utilize them. From the analysis, the company is in a favorable environment to fully function and expand its activities globally. Singapore Airlines has a good grip on the local market which forms a good base for expansion to a global market. Globalization, on the other hand, is a factor that the company needs to exploit as it provides a wider market for its operations. The Airline is expected to grow in the coming few years with more presence in the global market. References ACCC, (2008), ACCC institutes proceeding against Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd for alleged price-fixing. ACCC news release. Available at https://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/854765? Airbus, (2007), Airbus delivers the first A380 to Singapore Airlines: a new chapter in aviation history. Airbus statement. Available at https://www.airbus.com/en/presscentre/pressreleases/pressreleases_items/ Andwick, JL (2015), Singapore Airlines, Ltd. SWOT Analysis. Business Source Complete. Datamonitor Plc. Available at https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=bthjid=%2215DX%22scope=sitesite=bsi. Aviation Week, (2009), Aviation Week Top Performing Company - 2008 Airline Rankings. Aviation Week. Available at https://www.aviationweek.com/media/pdf/tpc_2008/tpc_airlines_2008.pdf Daisy, M (2009), Watchdog serves another airline in the global price-fixing cartel. E-Travel Blackboard. Eyefortransport, (2009), Court dismisses SIA's appeal challenging ACCC investigation. Eyefortransport. Available at https://www.eyefortransport.com/content/court-dismisses-sia%E2%80%99s-appeal-challenging-accc-investigation Johnson, G Whittington, R (2007), Exploring Corporate Strategy. Prentice Hall Miller, FP Vandome, AF Mcbrewster, J (2009), Singapore Airlines. [Place of publication not identified], Alphascript Pub. Morrison, M (2013), PESTLE Analysis. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD available at https://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/ pestle-analysis.htm Morrison, M (2013), SWOT Analysis. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD). Available at https://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/swot-analysis Scott, B (2008), Singapore Airlines' Winning Strategy. Harvard Business Publishing Simon, S (2008), Travellers the winner in airline price war. ABC News. Available at https://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/07/03/2616404. Singapore Airlines, (2013). Report - Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines,(2011), Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines. St. James Press, (2014), International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 27 - Singapore Airline Ltd. ISBN 13: 978 1 558 623866. Roll, M (2015),Singapore Airlines - An Excellent Asian Brand. Venture Republic. Ray, M (2008), Price plunge 25 percent in airline price war. Worldnews. Yun, J (2009), MOM to mediate SIA, Alpa-S dispute. Procurement Asia.Available at https://www.procurement-online.com/news/

Unix Essays (1679 words) - Unix, Berkeley Software Distribution

Unix ?UNIX was the first operating system designed to run on ?dissimilar' computers by converting most hardware specific commands in machine language into an independent programming language called ?C,'? Jon Wolfe writes in the Nashville Business Journal. (Wolfe 29) UNIX was the basis of AT&T's telephone system and the government's wide area network system. Then it became the basis of communication between engineers and scientists, and eventually the basis of communication for everyone worldwide (World Wide Web (Web)). It has held this remarkable spot since 1969. However, in the 1990s there are competitors in the market, namely, Microsoft Corporation with its Windows NT product. But UNIX-based software suppliers are not just turning over and letting the competitors win. UNIX supporters are many, and UNIX remains, and will remain a major player in the marketplace. The unique advantage of the UNIX operating system when it was introduced was that it could (and still does) run on dissimilar machines, unheard of prior to 1969. UNIX also can run more than one program at a time, store complex graphics and databases, and link to other UNIX and mainframe computer systems, including DOS since the late 1980s. UNIX-based systems control various programs written by many companies to distribute information between multiple computers within the network. This minimizes user costs and eliminates system-wide hardware crashes. Some of the original UNIX programs are ?still evident today.? (Wolfe 29) UNIX was developed at AT&T in 1969, primarily for controlling the phone network and handling government communications. Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Sun Systems, other U.S. companies and international companies now sell versions of UNIX that work best on their computers. UNIX at first worked over ARPnet, ?named after its sponsor from the Pentagon.? (Sembawang 1997). The ARPA network grew throughout the 1970s when computer networks from various organizations, both nationally and internationally, began to link to ARPAnet, mostly for transferring engineering and scientific research data. ?With the advent of satellite transmissions, the first international network connection was made with the University of London (England) and the Royal Radar Establishment of Norway in 1973.? (Sembawang 1997) In 1979, the National Science Foundation established the Computer Science Research Network (CSnet), which connected to ARPAnet through a gateway. This system was used for e-mail and sharing technical information. (Sembawang 1997) In the early 1980's, the NSF created its own network, NSFnet, which added educational links for schools and libraries. However, access to NSFnet was limited to these government or government research organizations. (Sembawang 1997) In 1992, NSF created Advanced Network and Services, Inc. (ANS), used to manage the NSFnet, which opened up the Internet to everyone. ANS also opened up the potential for multimedia on the Internet through the World Wide Web. (Sembawang 1997) Once the potential was there, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) began a project to create the international internet. The CERN project operated on TCP/IP transfer protocols developed inside a Berkeley UNIX system. The project was started in the mid-1980s and completed in 1990. By 1993, the internet had become a world-wide phenomenon. (Segal 1995) The Web allows users to easily browse through hypertext and multimedia located on various computers and main frame systems around the world. Prior to the CERN project, internet users had to know UNIX programming language and move around in a cumbersome UNIX shell environment. (Segal 1995) The Web can best be described as a ?global interactive, dynamic, cross-platform, distributed, graphical hypertext information system that operates over the internet. (Lemay 4) It operates on many protocols, including FTP, Gopher, UseNet, WAIS databases, and TELNET. Most of the text transferred over the internet is written in hypertext markup language (HTML). Graphics are transferred via standard generalized markup language (SGML) through the UNIX operating system. No one owns the web, but a consortium of U.S. and European individuals and organizations who support its operation, called the World Wide Web (W3) Consortium, established the protocols and languages that will be supported on the web. (Lemay 12). Popular browsers include Netscape, NCSA Mosaic, Lyna, MacWeb and WinWeb. A URL (home pages, BBSs, etc.) is a pointer to a posting on a Gopher, UseNet or FTP. All of these are currently transferred over the UNIX operating system. ?Today, the Internet is still growing in terms of size and number