Apartment Building Structures in nineteenth and twentieth centuries Research Paper

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

women in the work place essays

ladies in the work place expositions The previous decades there has been an emotional increment of ladies taking an interest in the work power from nations everywhere throughout the World including Canada. In 1950, one Canadian specialist in five was a lady. By 1980 this rate had multiplied, and ladies are relied upon to make up more than 44 percent of the work power before this present century's over. The expansion in female interest began happening during the 1970's. This expansion moreover caused the biggest time of increased birth rates that the Canadian female work power had ever seen. In North America it is regular for ladies to have low maintenance or summer occupations, and the investment pace of young ladies is high. It is likewise generally high all through the world in places as United Realm on account of the less ladies going to class. Be that as it may, in places like France, Italy, and Japan the female support rate is low. In most of the nations the work power is most partaken in the age bunches somewhere in the range of 20 and 24. The work power of develop ladies is high in Sweden, in light of the energized day care offices, which likewise furnishes the females with enactment that furnishes them with brilliant advantages. In Japan there is a drop in female financial action, the motivation behind why is it influences their marriage and the consideration of their lone youngster. A perception of work power cooperation rates in Canada show that female rates increased a great deal somewhere in the range of 1971 and 1981, while the male rate increased unnoticeably. The increment in the female cooperation rate was found in all age bunches aside from in more seasoned ladies. For ladies matured 15 to 19 the rate was as nearly as high as the men. Be that as it may, the biggest increment was in the age gathering of 25-44 years of age, where the rate rose very nearly 50 percent. This implied the investment paces of the females had gotten all the more similar with the men. Family status additionally affected the female participatio ... <!

An Easy Way to Strengthen Your Skills

An Easy Way to Strengthen Your SkillsSelf-Assessment Essay is a common way to measure one's strengths and weaknesses. It helps the student to prepare and apply for tests and exams by giving him the appropriate answers.Most high school students and university students are required to take such self assessment tests. These are also available on the internet. There are numerous websites where you can test yourself. Some of the sample questions that are offered are 'Which vegetable is grown in this house? ',' If I were to build a wall, what would be the shape of this wall? ',' Which do I love more, friends or family? ',' If I were a chef what kind of food would I make? ',' A friend of mine is suffering from asthma and he is suffering from asthma attacks all the time. Is it possible to have an allergy medication?To make your assessment essay easier for yourself you can also find the help of a review course. This can help you understand the different tools used for the assessment essays. A review course will also help you develop your skills in answering the questionnaire.To write a self assessment essay you must first prepare your topic. You can choose any subject of your choice, but this depends on your ability to decide on the topic. But keep in mind that you must be able to make the topic comprehensible to the reader so that they can see the relevance of the topics to their lives.Writing an essay is not an easy task because there are many details that need to be thought over. This means that if you feel that you do not have the aptitude for this, you should consult a professional to write the essay for you.Writing a self assessment essay is also a confidence booster for most students. One can use this as a tool to help them in their career. There are some who are even able to use it as an opportunity to broaden their horizons.For those who have enrolled in the online facilities, you can get the maximum benefit from it. To learn more about these programs, visit th e website below.

To What Extent Should We Embrace the Ideological...

Individualism is the current of thinking that values the freedom and worth of the individual. The source from Adam Smith, states that individualism benefits humankind. The perspective of the source accepts and favours individualism but rejects collectivism because it calls for individualism as being a way for individuals to promote their self interests and to achieve an efficient economy. That a nation of individuals should not seek to make every one responsible for each other; but that individuals are only responsible for themselves. Supporters of individualism, like Adam Smith, see economic freedom as leading to the most efficient and beneficial economy for the greatest number of people, because it encourages competition and they assume†¦show more content†¦One does not expect them to prepare food or drink for us because they want us to eat. The baker wants to earn enough money to feed his family and buy the things he wants and the most effective way he has found to do tha t is to bake bread for you. In fact his bread has to be good enough and the service friendly enough that you are willing to give up your money freely in exchange for his bread. The baker while serving his self-interest has produced a good that is very valuable to you. The miracle of a market system is that self-interest produces behaviour that benefits others. Sometimes self-interest can lead to price gouging, corruption or cheating, but most often it is held in check by competition. Because other self-interested people are competing in the marketplace, my self-interest is held in check. For example, the only way a baker would be able to earn his dollars is to produce bread that is better, cheaper or more convenient than the bread produced by the other bakers in town. If he was going to increase his price too much, people would likely buy bread from his competitors. If the baker would treat people poorly when they enter the store, then they would probably also buy from his competito rs. And if his bread were mouldy or inferior in any way, then the people would for sure buy from his competitors. In order for the baker to earn money, he must provide a high qualityShow MoreRelatedBusiness Leadership in Enron4743 Words   |  19 PagesEnron’s failure was due to the accounting standards and others went far to say that it was a product of integrity and fraud culture. However, this paper discusses the context of emerging trends in business and leadership practice and considers the extent to what happened in Enron is suggestive of a growing business phenomenon. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Company Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 CHAPTER 2 2.0 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Read MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors9283 Words   |  38 Pageswhereas others merit no more than a few lines? What factors decide what news professionals consider newsworthy? Such questions are often answered – by journalists and media researchers alike – with references to journalistic news values or ‘news criteria’. Some answers are normatively founded; others are pragmatic and descriptive. In the present article, I submit that editorial priorities should not be analyzed in purely journalistic terms. Instead, they should be seen as efforts to combine journalisticRead MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors 9276 Words   |  38 Pageswhereas others merit no more than a few lines? What factors decide what news professionals consider newsworthy? Such questions are often answered â€⠀œ by journalists and media researchers alike – with references to journalistic news values or ‘news criteria’. Some answers are normatively founded; others are pragmatic and descriptive. In the present article, I submit that editorial priorities should not be analyzed in purely journalistic terms. Instead, they should be seen as efforts to combine journalisticRead MoreEssay on Understanding Change15189 Words   |  61 PagesPART ONE Understanding change Perspectives on change The ethics of organizational change Planned change and its critics Strategic change Building and developing competitive advantage 3 39 73 11 1 147 CHAPTER 1 Perspectives on change 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Perspectives on change 1.2.1 Modernity, progress, and change 1.2.2 Pathways to change 1.3 Structural-functional change: changing structures and functions 1.3.1 An organization is a complex whole 1.3.2 Structural theory 1.4 Multiple constituencies:Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. 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Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pages------------------------------------------------- Essentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible

Annotated Bibliography On My Learning And Growth As A...

An Annotated Bibliography to Enhance My Learning and Growth as a Nursing Student The following paper is an annotated bibliography containing three articles found in peer reviewed journals related to the practice of nursing. After first evaluating key points of each article, I will reflect upon them to assist me in enhancing my practice as a beginner nurse. Grealish, L., Ranse, K. (2009). An exploratory study of first year nursing students’ learning in the clinical workplace. Contemporary Nurse, 33(1), 80-92. Grealish and Ranse, a senior lecturer in nursing and a lecturer in nursing at the University of Canberra, found that because first year nursing students are opportunistic learners, they are more likely to reflect upon valuable, long-lasting lessons when they feel actively engaged in both positive and negative experiences in their clinical practice. These authors acknowledge three learning triggers which they found enhance the student’s clinical education: active participation in care, emotio nal confrontation within themselves, and interacting with registered nurses who caused them to contemplate how they would present themselves as professional nurses. Grealich and Ranse suggest further research using a larger scale of second and third year nursing students who attend various institutions as they recognize the limited number of participants from a single institution as a weakness in their study; they also,Show MoreRelatedMy Personal Relationship With Writing1884 Words   |  8 Pagesdescribe my current relationship with writing, I would compare it to the uncertainty and anxiety of dating. We’ve recently gotten to the awkward transition between the â€Å"getting to know each other† stage and the â€Å"I love you to the moon and back† stage. I know that I have grown to enjoy the process of expressing my inner-most thoughts through writing, but at the same time I feel as if I don’t have the proper skills or knowledge to call myself a  "good† writer. Writing has never been my strong pointRead MoreMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 PagesInformation Grand Canyon University. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher  custom textbook usage The following icons have been created to assist students’ interactive experience in usage of this textbook. These will appear across the top or bottom of every page. Table of Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Underlined text Glossary term definition/directiveRead MoreMacro Economic Analysis of Coca Cola4039 Words   |  17 PagesWriting for Students Free sample essays, research paper examples, term papers, example dissertations, writing tips and writing guidelines for high school, college and university students. Here you can also find information about custom writing services at which you can buy custom written papers online. This Blog Linked From Here | This Blog  Ã‚  Ã‚   |    | Top of Form Bottom of Form Linked From Here  Ã‚  Ã‚   | |    Thursday, December 30, 2010 Research Paper on Coca Cola Research Paper on Coca Cola CompanyRead MoreDeveloping Effective Research Proposals49428 Words   |  198 Pages next page Page vi 3.5 Data collection questions 3.6 Research questions and data – the empirical criterion 3.7 Three tactical issues 3.7.1 The importance of the pre-empirical stage 3.7.2 Questions before methods 3.7.3 Do I need hypotheses in my proposal? 3.8 Review concepts and questions Notes 4 Some Issues 4.1 The perspective behind the research 4.2 The role of theory 4.2.1 Description versus explanation 4.2.2 Theory verification versus theory generation 4.3 Pre-structured versus unfolding

Foundation Course of Managment

Question: Discuss about the Foundation Course of Managment ? Answer : Introduction The government primarily owns the Singapore airline and partly by Temasek Holdings with 56% voting power. The government has less involvement in the management of the company but takes part in crisis management. The headquarters, Airline House, of the enterprise is located in Changi Airport. The branding is done through the flight crew Singapore Girls which has largely been successful. Unlike other airlines, the company does not emphasize on quality of aircraft or the services it provides rather the use of flight crew has become the primary branding element the company uses. The Singapore girls have featured in almost the entire airlines advertisements or promotions. Although this has been successful, controversies surrounding the utilization of all female flight crew is thought to portray women as being subservient to males. The companys Logo has a bird inspired by Silver Kris derived from Southeast Asian Folklore and superstitions. This is the central element is company branding and some changes made to the logo has enlarged the some of the features such as the bird and the stripes(Johnson Whittington 2007). The airline's destinations are on five continents with 62 destinations which are connected to Singapore. Its presence is strong in Southeast Asia which connects in with international destinations around the globe. Regulations in Singapore airlines are more flexible creating stage fro formation of agreements between Singapore Airlines and other countries such as Thailand and UAE. The company currently has an operational fleet of four aircraft types; Boeing 777, Airbus A350, A380, AND A330. The in-flight services have four categories which include the first class, business class, premium class and the suites. The introduction of Boeing and Airbus has increased the rates of flights across international destinations. The airline is popular across the Asian market and has been operational since 1972. Apart from the achievements the company has experienced it has faced some unpredictable events that have shaken the airline industry. The 2008 financial crisis across the Asian market affected the Singapore revenue. Consequently, the company introduced a self-evaluating to increase competitive advantage in maintaining its market position. PESTEL analysis The PESTEL analysis is used to determine the external factors affecting the company. Analysis of the factors ensures that the corporation strategies are in line with the objectives and sustainability goals set. For Singapore airlines to cope with the changing environment requires analysis of the external factors that affect the company. These reviews enable the company to strategize on how long term goals could be achieved. Political-Legal factors For growth of the company in both local and international stage, it needs to understand the political environment within Singapore and other destination countries across the world. To successfully expand its reach to a global market require in-depth decision-making process and strategies. Within Singapore, the Singapore Airlines provide full support to the company as it has shareholdings in the enterprises explained by JohnsonWhittington (2007). Taxation on the airlines in Singapore is more favorable compared to other countries where taxation is over 30% in their respective countries such as the Japan Airlines pay 30% tax in Japan while Singapore Airlines pay 20% tax in Singapore. Aviation regulations within the airline industry standardize the services and aircraft used therefore the Singapore Airlines should take this control into considerations as they expand to different markets across the globe. The airline has faced challenges in approval to operate in the various countries for example; in 2005 it took the air time to be approved to work in Australia Operations in airspace have restrictions as countries across the globe have rules concerning the use of their airspaces. For the company to use air, it requires it to sign agreements with individual countries. Some of the air regulations include landing and flying over and are mostly agreed on by the different countries. Most of these policies are loosening which is a positive impact on the company as it can explore options on different routes it takes to the various destinations(Aviation Week 2009). Economic factors The economic factors directly affect the industry as they depend on them for operations. These factors include the price of fuel, interest rates, taxes, inflation and economic development (Singapore Airlines 2011). Economic growth in Singapore has had a positive impact on the Singapore Airlines by increasing investments resulting in the increase in customer base The financial crisis and the recession in Asian market reduced the number of clients using the Singapore Airlines. Such economic factors affect the ability of the company to project the market demand and future costs of air travel (Aviation Week 2009). It is the fuel prices keep fluctuating which directly impacts air travel expenses increasing flight costs reduces the competitive advantage of the company. Although the company has faced these setbacks, it has expanded its market in the Asian region as countries in this region have continued to open their markets to international airlines. Social factors Air travel has impacted by a change in lifestyles and social status of individuals. The air provides a range of flight options and services they prefer such as food options. The company aims at providing excellent services to its customers for example food serve from different cultures to cater for customer preferences. The company is expected to maintain its image by using the Singapore Girls as it operates across the globe. Some of the other concerns of customers before they choose the company for air travel to include fear terrorism activities, and the possibility of air accidents. The 2002 Taipei air crash which claimed 82 lives and left others wounded negatively impacted the company. Accidence has a major impact on the attitudes of the potential airline users which requires the company to strategize on how to retain their markets after such accidents. Flu epidemics have affected international travels such as the 2009 flu outbreak reduced companys stock by 4%. The company provides a safe working environment in which its employees get full benefits from the industry. The treatment that the employees receive is according to the social customs in which their opinions are taken into consideration. The airline strives to incorporate the social norms and values of its stakeholders. Technological factors Technological advancements have positively impacted Singapore Airlines and the whole industry. Technologies in air industry should be secured and standardized to protect the databases from unauthorized parties. Airline industry requires companies to adapt fast to changing technologies, or they risk losing their competition advantage. The company has incorporated various technologies such as the micro power system that ensures that clients continue working while onboard as they could charge their gadgets(Scott2008). The first and economic classes have more improved facilities compared to other airlines as the seats are technologically advanced; this enables the company to customer loyalty. The company was ranked top by traveltruth.com in 2008 for its improved services including online purchase of tickets. Environmental factors Environmental issues have increased over the past decade due to change in the climate and companies are being urged to take up responsibility for the environment. The airline industry is known for contributing to environmental pollution through air noise pollution and global warming (Aviation Week 2009). Singapore Airlines have mitigated these challenges by following the air pollution regulation and providing customers with a long lasting experience. Despite the Asian financial crisis, the airline continues to expand by purchasing new aircraft which are cleaner and environmentally friendly as noted by Ray (2008). These aircraft have reduced emissions by using efficient fuel, for example, the A380 was obtained to reduce carbon emission. The airline has prioritized customer satisfaction to enable win over new customers to check out their services and is committed to protecting the environment. Porters five forces analysis The airline industry is most intense and competitive industry; several airline companies are competing for global markets. The Porters forces analysis uses five forces to determine the competitive nature of business. The factors identified by Porter determine success rates of the company in the market. These effects include; Threat of new entrants This element refers to the ability of the company compete favorably in the market. Singapore airline dominates the Singapore market as it has been operational for decades. The airline faces the least competition from new entrants as government control dominates the passenger airline industry. The lack of new airline entries to the industry has increased congestion in international and regional hubs. Some international brands that have entered Singapore market include Air Asia and Jet Star but their operations are short term and have a global presence. Intensity of rivalry From porters theory, competition exists in different concentrations that can be termed as low or high hence the business is expected to continually study the market to ensure that customer demands are met. The intensity of competition within the airline industry is high within routes that are commonly used by passengers, for example, the London-New York-Paris route has a high number of clients who ply through these routes. Cook et al. (2012) noted that on such routes where competition is intense, punctuality by observing as it is the major factor contributing to what clients checks before using an airline. The airline is known for its excellent performance in the Kangaroo Route tat connected Southeast Asia, New Zealand and Australia as the route has few airlines operating in it. Threat of substitute services This aspect gives the extent to which airline services by replacing it other services that provide the same services. The short-term impact of these threats is minimal as air services have a unique nature as noted by Morrison (2013). Globalization has increased investment in alternative transportation facilities such as the speed rail connections between routes served by the Singapore airline. There is a possibility of speed trains taking over transportation in the future between Europe and Asia. The advancement in communication technology has reduced business travels as people could communicate real time using these technologies. Bargaining power of customers This aspect requires the airline to understand the client demands for it to survive in the industry. This issue is moderate, and the carrier is expected to project this element to ensure that it maintains and continues to develop its operations(Yun2009). Some of the factors that contribute to this aspect of airline competitiveness include travel costs, waiting for time, and attitudes towards the safety of the air. The Internet has changed how customers select airlines to use as they multiple airlines have websites and customers can compare them and make switching decisions any time before booking a flight. Bargaining power of the suppliers This aspect refers to the ability of the company to negotiate for the purchase of equipment and other supplies. In the airline industry suppliers have a high bargaining power as they determine prices of the equipment and materials. The suppliers have a monopoly over the market as there are few aircraft manufacturers (Singapore Airlines2011). The Boeing and Airbus are major suppliers of fleets while the engines are supplied by few companies that include General Electric and Rolls Royce. Business professional development For the airline to maintain and grow its market share, it has to stay committed to providing quality services. This involves analyzing and understanding market trends and being able to identify customer needs. The company should carry out research on the target market at which will provide a constant supply of information on how the company could improve its production. For the airline to maintain is brand and position in the market it has to put customer considerations in the service provision. Provision of high-quality services The airline is famous in Singapore because of its excellent services it gives to its clients. The company has to strategize on how to maintain this aspect to maintain and grow its market share Customer value Singapore airline provides high-quality products and has received positive reviews from both local and international clients. The company has existed for decades as it has continuously provided value to the lives its customers (Scott2008). Business flexibility Singapore Airlines Company should ensure that it pays attention to customer needs rather than what they think is right. This creates customer satisfaction and in turn increases sales. The company needs to strategize on how they could incorporate views and opinions of customers on the business model. In a case of mistakes, the company should not be quick to put the blame on customers rather should establish a consensus on problem-solving. Conclusion This paper is an analysis of the environment in which the company operates how best it could utilize them. From the analysis, the company is in a favorable environment to fully function and expand its activities globally. Singapore Airlines has a good grip on the local market which forms a good base for expansion to a global market. Globalization, on the other hand, is a factor that the company needs to exploit as it provides a wider market for its operations. The Airline is expected to grow in the coming few years with more presence in the global market. References ACCC, (2008), ACCC institutes proceeding against Singapore Airlines Cargo Pte Ltd for alleged price-fixing. ACCC news release. Available at https://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/854765? Airbus, (2007), Airbus delivers the first A380 to Singapore Airlines: a new chapter in aviation history. Airbus statement. Available at https://www.airbus.com/en/presscentre/pressreleases/pressreleases_items/ Andwick, JL (2015), Singapore Airlines, Ltd. SWOT Analysis. Business Source Complete. Datamonitor Plc. Available at https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=bthjid=%2215DX%22scope=sitesite=bsi. Aviation Week, (2009), Aviation Week Top Performing Company - 2008 Airline Rankings. Aviation Week. Available at https://www.aviationweek.com/media/pdf/tpc_2008/tpc_airlines_2008.pdf Daisy, M (2009), Watchdog serves another airline in the global price-fixing cartel. E-Travel Blackboard. Eyefortransport, (2009), Court dismisses SIA's appeal challenging ACCC investigation. Eyefortransport. Available at https://www.eyefortransport.com/content/court-dismisses-sia%E2%80%99s-appeal-challenging-accc-investigation Johnson, G Whittington, R (2007), Exploring Corporate Strategy. Prentice Hall Miller, FP Vandome, AF Mcbrewster, J (2009), Singapore Airlines. [Place of publication not identified], Alphascript Pub. Morrison, M (2013), PESTLE Analysis. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD available at https://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/ pestle-analysis.htm Morrison, M (2013), SWOT Analysis. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD). Available at https://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/swot-analysis Scott, B (2008), Singapore Airlines' Winning Strategy. Harvard Business Publishing Simon, S (2008), Travellers the winner in airline price war. ABC News. Available at https://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/07/03/2616404. Singapore Airlines, (2013). Report - Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines,(2011), Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines. St. James Press, (2014), International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 27 - Singapore Airline Ltd. ISBN 13: 978 1 558 623866. Roll, M (2015),Singapore Airlines - An Excellent Asian Brand. Venture Republic. Ray, M (2008), Price plunge 25 percent in airline price war. Worldnews. Yun, J (2009), MOM to mediate SIA, Alpa-S dispute. Procurement Asia.Available at https://www.procurement-online.com/news/

Unix Essays (1679 words) - Unix, Berkeley Software Distribution

Unix ?UNIX was the first operating system designed to run on ?dissimilar' computers by converting most hardware specific commands in machine language into an independent programming language called ?C,'? Jon Wolfe writes in the Nashville Business Journal. (Wolfe 29) UNIX was the basis of AT&T's telephone system and the government's wide area network system. Then it became the basis of communication between engineers and scientists, and eventually the basis of communication for everyone worldwide (World Wide Web (Web)). It has held this remarkable spot since 1969. However, in the 1990s there are competitors in the market, namely, Microsoft Corporation with its Windows NT product. But UNIX-based software suppliers are not just turning over and letting the competitors win. UNIX supporters are many, and UNIX remains, and will remain a major player in the marketplace. The unique advantage of the UNIX operating system when it was introduced was that it could (and still does) run on dissimilar machines, unheard of prior to 1969. UNIX also can run more than one program at a time, store complex graphics and databases, and link to other UNIX and mainframe computer systems, including DOS since the late 1980s. UNIX-based systems control various programs written by many companies to distribute information between multiple computers within the network. This minimizes user costs and eliminates system-wide hardware crashes. Some of the original UNIX programs are ?still evident today.? (Wolfe 29) UNIX was developed at AT&T in 1969, primarily for controlling the phone network and handling government communications. Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Sun Systems, other U.S. companies and international companies now sell versions of UNIX that work best on their computers. UNIX at first worked over ARPnet, ?named after its sponsor from the Pentagon.? (Sembawang 1997). The ARPA network grew throughout the 1970s when computer networks from various organizations, both nationally and internationally, began to link to ARPAnet, mostly for transferring engineering and scientific research data. ?With the advent of satellite transmissions, the first international network connection was made with the University of London (England) and the Royal Radar Establishment of Norway in 1973.? (Sembawang 1997) In 1979, the National Science Foundation established the Computer Science Research Network (CSnet), which connected to ARPAnet through a gateway. This system was used for e-mail and sharing technical information. (Sembawang 1997) In the early 1980's, the NSF created its own network, NSFnet, which added educational links for schools and libraries. However, access to NSFnet was limited to these government or government research organizations. (Sembawang 1997) In 1992, NSF created Advanced Network and Services, Inc. (ANS), used to manage the NSFnet, which opened up the Internet to everyone. ANS also opened up the potential for multimedia on the Internet through the World Wide Web. (Sembawang 1997) Once the potential was there, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) began a project to create the international internet. The CERN project operated on TCP/IP transfer protocols developed inside a Berkeley UNIX system. The project was started in the mid-1980s and completed in 1990. By 1993, the internet had become a world-wide phenomenon. (Segal 1995) The Web allows users to easily browse through hypertext and multimedia located on various computers and main frame systems around the world. Prior to the CERN project, internet users had to know UNIX programming language and move around in a cumbersome UNIX shell environment. (Segal 1995) The Web can best be described as a ?global interactive, dynamic, cross-platform, distributed, graphical hypertext information system that operates over the internet. (Lemay 4) It operates on many protocols, including FTP, Gopher, UseNet, WAIS databases, and TELNET. Most of the text transferred over the internet is written in hypertext markup language (HTML). Graphics are transferred via standard generalized markup language (SGML) through the UNIX operating system. No one owns the web, but a consortium of U.S. and European individuals and organizations who support its operation, called the World Wide Web (W3) Consortium, established the protocols and languages that will be supported on the web. (Lemay 12). Popular browsers include Netscape, NCSA Mosaic, Lyna, MacWeb and WinWeb. A URL (home pages, BBSs, etc.) is a pointer to a posting on a Gopher, UseNet or FTP. All of these are currently transferred over the UNIX operating system. ?Today, the Internet is still growing in terms of size and number

Are AP Classes Worth It Should You Take Them

Are AP Classes Worth It Should You Take Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're in high school, you've probably heard about AP classes. You might have even taken some already. But is all the hard work that goes into an AP class actually worth it? We think AP classes can be a great choice for students, as long as you’re well prepared, get a lot out of the class, and align your schedule to work with your college goals. However, AP classes might not always be the best choice. Keep reading to learn when AP classes are a good idea and when they're wasting your time- as well as what steps you must take to build an optimal schedule. How AP Classes Can Be Worthwhile: 4 Benefits There are several compelling reasons to take AP classes in high school. We'll discuss the different ways taking AP classes can help you discover new interests and make you a competitive applicant for college. #1: You Can Get a Challenging, Rigorous Academic Experience AP classes exist to expose high school students to college-level courses. Even though you’re taking the class at your high school, AP classes tend to have harder, more detailed curriculums than your typical high school classes do. So if you’re looking to take more difficult classes or want to impress college admissions offices with a rigorous schedule, AP classes can be a great way to up the rigor of your schedule. (As we’ve discussed in the past, AP classes are just one way to signal to colleges that you're taking the most challenging schedule available to you as a high school student.) AP classes are also useful for showing off a particular academic strength. For example, if you’re strong in math, taking AP Calculus BC and getting a 5 on the test is a concrete way to demonstrate your skills to admissions committees. #2: You Can Earn College Credit If you pass the AP test at the end of the school year (meaningyou get a score of 3 or higher), you will be eligible to receive college credit for that test. This processcan vary at different colleges. While some will grant you actual course credit, allowing you to graduate faster and therefore save time and money, others will use the AP credit to put you in harder classes as a freshman. Either way, AP credit can be very helpful! We recommend looking up the AP credit policies of schools you’re interested in to get a better idea of how the AP classes you want to take could save you time and/or money in college. #3: You Can Learn Time Management and Self-Study Skills Maybe this isn’t the most exciting reason, but taking AP classes can really improve your studying skills. Since AP classes culminate in a cumulative test at the end of the school year, you can’t just go from unit to unit as you can in other high school classes.Rather, you need to ensure you're retaining information the whole year and have a foolproof study plan for the AP test! While any good AP teacher will include review sessions in their curriculum, since there is limited classroom time, students will inevitably have to do some studying on their own. Speaking from experience, I learned a lot of my time-management and study skills by taking AP classes in high school. Every year, I made my own study schedules in the spring to make sure I was prepared for each AP test. Making study schedules and sticking to them ultimately helped me develop more effective time-management skills, which were invaluable in college! #4: You Can Explore New Interests Although some AP classes build off a typical high school schedule (particularly the math, English, history, and science classes), many others are more specialized. Taking these AP classes can allow you to explore specific fields of study as a high school student. Here are some examples of specialized AP classes: AP Micro and Macroeconomics Computer Science Psychology Art History Human Geography Statistics While you can definitely take these courses in college, taking the AP version in high school gives you early exposure and can help you discover a unique academic interest. A specialized AP class can also add a fun, interesting twist to your typical routine of math, English, science, and social studies. How AP Classes Can Waste Your Time: 5 Scenarios Taking AP classes can be helpful for a variety of reasons. But if you slack off, don't get much out of the material, or (worst of all) fail the exam, the AP program loses a lot of its benefits. In this section, we give you some reasons why the AP program might not be the best choice, and offer tips for making the most of your schedule. Scenario 1: You Fail the AP Test While an AP class isn’t a total waste if you fail the test- you still get the academic experience of a harder class, after all- it’ll be much less beneficial. As we discussed, you need a passing score in order to get college credit for an AP class.Without a passing test score, your AP class will be a lot less useful. What's more, colleges will look to see whether you passed the AP test. If you didn't pass, the AP class loses a lot of its admissions benefit. Even (or especially!) if you get an A in the class, that would just mean your class was too easy compared with those in the rest of the country. In short, how good an AP class will be for you hinges on whether you pass the exam or not. Scenario 2: AP Classes Ruin Your GPA Even if you pass your AP tests, if AP classes dramatically drag down your GPA, they won't be worth taking. Colleges want to see that you’re taking the hardest classes available to you, but they also want to see that you’re mostly succeeding and that you know your limits! This doesn’t mean that getting an A- in Calculus BC is a bad thing, though. (In fact, an A- in Calculus BC is more impressive than an A in regular Calculus.) What this does mean isthat taking four AP classes and getting Cs in all of them will not look good. As a general rule, don’t worry about an AP class knocking your usual grades down one half step- that is, an A to an A-, or an A- to a B+. But if you see a full grade drop, even in one class (A to B, B to C, etc.) that’s cause for concern. You should either make serious changes to your study schedule or, if you continue to struggle, consider dropping down to the regular course. This is why not overloading and knowing your strengths is important when signing up for classes! Scenario 3: You Don't Get Much Out Of the Class Even if you pass an AP class and the test, if you personally feel like you didn’t learn much or if the class didn’t improve your study skills, it might not have been worth it. Even if you get college credit for a particular class, it won't be worth it if you decide to take the same version of that class in college. It’s also not worth it if the class doesn’t significantly improve your studying or academic skills. Since all AP classes have a pretty big cost in terms of time, if they’re not serving to develop your academic interests or improve your skills, they’re likely not worth taking. This effect is more dramatic if you’re overloading on AP classes: the fourth AP class you take in a year might not add as much to your skills as it’s taking away from your time. For example, if you’re heading toward a humanities major in college (English, Economics, Political Science, etc.), trying to cram in AP Statistics and AP Calculus your senior year might not be helpful. You’re not likely to do a lot of deep learning in either math class if you’re also busy with college applications and other commitments. And if you don’t do well in these math classes, you might have to retake one in college anyway. Or, let's say you’re a future computer science major going out of your way to fit in an AP Human Geography class, just so you can have another AP class. This, however, likely won’t add much to your schedule, and if it’s not a personal interest, you probably won’t get much out of it. To sum up, if you're taking an AP class just because it's AP, you should reconsider taking it. You don't want to be this guy. Scenario 4: AP Classes Become Your Main Extracurricular While AP classes can be great- academically rigorous, cost effective, interesting- if they’re taking away from the rest of your schedule, those benefits begin to shrink. For example, if you neglect studying for the SAT/ACT because you’re so busy with AP classes, this can really hurt your college admission chances. We strongly recommend taking adequate time to study for the SAT/ACT, since having a high score can greatly boost your college admission and scholarship chances. Furthermore, if you stop getting involved in extracurriculars because you’re too busy studying, that doesn’t help your college applications, either. We’re not saying you need to be a perfectly well-rounded student who's in 10 clubs. But we do think it’s important to a have a few strongly developed interests- and overloading on AP classes can take away from that. In short, AP classes should enhance your schedule and indicate your academic interests- they shouldn't be your chief extracurricular. Scenario 5: You Burn Out in High School Even if you do really well in all your AP classes, you need to have the big picture in mind. If you graduate senior year completely exhausted and struggle your freshman year of college, you’re setting yourself up for a substandard college experience. Remember that the goal of AP classes- and high school in general!- is to be prepared to do well in college. Taking one less AP class but staying more sane and balanced might actually help you more in college than overloading your schedule with APs. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by your AP schedule, don’t feel bad about dropping an AP class. If dropping that class allows you to do better in your other classes and stick to your commitments, it will be better for you in the long run. You don't want to be running on empty during your freshman year of college! Next Steps: Should You Take AP Classes? As you know, AP classes can give a huge boost to your college applications, but they can also hurt your college chances if you're not careful. So how do you make sure you're getting the most out of your AP classes? Follow the steps below to make sure your AP schedule is challenging but not overwhelming. Step 1: Learn the Reputation of AP Classes at Your School Learning the reputation of AP classes at your high school can help you decide if taking certain AP classes is worth your time. There is a huge amount of variation in how AP classes are taught at different high schools. You'll struggle if an AP class is poorly taught or overly difficult. On the flipside, a well-taught class might not only help you pass the AP test, but also help you discover a new academic interest. Talk to your guidance counselor, older students, and other teachers at your school to get a sense of which AP classes have positive buzz- and which ones have a reputation of being overly hard or poorly taught. Don’t necessarily avoid a hard class, especially if it’s in an area of interest for you. Also, don’t sign up for multiple AP classes with especially tough reputations the same school year. But if an AP class has rave reviews at your school, strongly consider adding it to your schedule! Step 2: Consider Your College Goals Knowing your college goals can help you decide between AP classes or how many AP classes to take. For example, if you’re aiming for your local state school and want to complete as many general education requirements as possible during high school, you should focus on core subject AP classes, such as Calculus, Literature, Biology/Chemistry/Physics, and US History. However, if you’re trying to get into top colleges, you'll want to use AP classes to demonstrate your academic strengths. In this case, your AP classes might be more concentrated in either math/science or the social sciences/humanities, depending on your interests. Check out our in-depth guideto learn moreabout choosing the right number of AP classes based on your college goals. Step 3: Talk to Your Guidance Counselor Your counselor will be able to help you come up with a challenging but manageable schedule. She'll also have a sense of your school’s context, including how many AP classes students take on average, which teachers get the best AP test results, and how to build a challenging schedule that doesn’t overload on AP. Even if you don’t have a close relationship with your counselor, it’s her job to know about school context, and she has lots of important information.So don’t be afraid to make an appointment and talk through your AP plans with your counselor! Step 4: Remember the Big Picture Your goal in high school is to learn as much as possible and be prepared for college. Taking one extra AP class is not going to dramatically affect your future, but cultivating a strong academic or extracurricular interest will. Try to create a course load that is both challenging but reasonable, and definitely don’t hesitate to drop something from your schedule- e.g., an AP class, a sport, volunteering- if you’re feeling like you’re reaching your breaking point! What’s Next? Need more help picking AP classes? Learn about the hardest and easiest AP classes you can take. AP classes are great, but they’re not going to guarantee admission to college. Learn why a high SAT/ACT score is the best single way to improve your chance of admission to a competitive school. Studying for the SAT or ACT?Check out our in-depth study guides to the SAT and ACTfor expert tips and the best study materials available online! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Case Study on Capital Gains Tax and Fringe Benefits Tax

It is assumed that Dave Solomon, is an individual, whose main source of income is the salary, paid by his employer. He is not involved any kind of trading business. The assets sold by him in the current tax year can be considered, completely, as his capital assets. Moreover, he has generated any revenue from those assets earlier. The net taxable capital gain or loss, generated from the sale of assets by David Solomon in the current tax year, is presented below (Law.ato.gov.au, 2016):- Calculation of Net Capital Gain/Loss for the period ending on 30th June,20†¦. Less : Purchase Price of the painting Less : 50% Exemption on Capital Gain Less : Purchase Price of the Cruiser Less : Purchase Price of the Shares Less : Stamp Duty on purchase of Shares Less : Capital Loss of Previous Year The net capital gain, earned by David Solomon in the current year, will be added with the other assessable income to ascertain the net taxable assessable income of the taxpayer. The income slab for taxation purpose will be then determined on the basis of that net taxable income. If David Solomon would generate any net capital loss, then that would be carry forwarded into next tax periods. It would be adjusted only if the taxpayer would generate any capital gain in future.   It is assumed that Periwinkle Pty. Ltd. is a normal company and not entitled to any benefit for small business entities.   The FBT consequences of Periwinkle, aroused for the benefits provided to Emma, one of the employee of the company is discussed below:- 1) It is assumed that the employee uses the car not only for office use but for non-work related purpose in frequent and regular basis. Therefore, the car benefit should be accounted for FBT as it is allowed to use for private purposes (Stilwell 2016). During the interstate travel of the employee, the car was parked at airport, not at the employer’s premises and the repairing of the car was annual maintenance type, not an unscheduled repairing. Therefore, the ten days, when the car was not used, also to be included in the FBT calculation (Hodgson and Pearce 2015). The statutory formula method is used for estimating the car fringe benefit. The calculation of car fringe benefit is shown in the following table:- Calculation Of Car Fringe Benefit:- Total Kms. Travelled during the FBT year Statutory Rate as per Annualised Km. No. of Days available for Private Use 2) The interest charged on the loan, given to the employee, should be treated as FBT. The Benchmark Interest Rate for such loan is 5.95% (Ato.gov.au, 2016). The company has charged the loan at an interest rate of 4.45%. As the actual rate is lower than the Benchmark Rate, the FBT should be calculated on the actual rate of interest (Pearce and Pinto 2015). The calculation for FBT on interest on loan is shown below:- Calculation of Interest on Loan for FBT:- 3) The bathtub provided to the employee at a special discounted rate, is a FBT expense. The taxable value of the bathtub is estimated at 75% of the normal selling price and the FBT is calculated accordingly in the following table (Ato.gov.au, 2016):- Calculation of Special Discount for FBT:- The Fringe Benefit Tax for Periwinkle Pty. Ltd. is calculated in the following table according to the above-mentioned assumptions (Ato.gov.au, 2016):- Name of Taxpayer : Periwinkle Pty. Ltd. for the period ending on 31st March,2016 Total of GST Inclusive/Free Benefits If the employer, herself, purchased the shares, instead of her husband and earn dividend from such shares, then the part interest on loan for $50000, will be considered as an deductible expenses of the employee. Therefore, the FBT of the employer will also get reduced accordingly (Eccleston 2013).   Ato.gov.au. (2016).  How to calculate your FBT | Australian Taxation Office.   Ato.gov.au. (2016).  Property fringe benefits | Australian Taxation Office.   Chan, C., 2014. Earnouts and CGT: Fine-tuning the.  Tax Specialist,  18(1), p.27 Conesa, J.C. and Domà ­nguez, B., 2013. Intangible investment and Ramsey capital taxation.  Journal of Monetary Economics,  60(8), pp.983-995 Eccleston, R., 2013. The Tax Reform Agenda in Australia.  Australian Journal of Public Administration,  72(2), pp.103-113 Faccio, M. and Xu, J., 2015. Taxes and capital structure.  Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,  50(03), pp.277-300 Harding, M., 2013. Taxation of dividend, interest, and capital gain income Hodgson, H. and Pearce, P., 2015. TravelSmart or travel tax breaks: is the fringe benefits tax a barrier to active commuting in Australia? 1.  eJournal of Tax Research,  13(3), p.819 Jacob, M. and Jacob, M., 2013. Taxation, dividends, and share repurchases: Taking evidence global.  Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,48(04), pp.1241-1269 Law.ato.gov.au. (2016).  TR 1999/19 - Income tax capital gains: treatment of forfeited deposits (As at 11 October 2000).

Financial Accounting Midterm Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Financial Accounting Midterm Project - Essay Example Meanwhile, managerial accounting reports are designed to serve specific needs of the management. They make use of both historical data and estimated data. While financial accounting reports have to be prepared according to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the same does not hold true with managerial accounting reports. (Warren, Reeve, etc., 1987, pp. 2-4) A job opening in the field of financial accounting at the Monster website states that "the Accounting Manager is responsible and accountable for the entire Company's Accounting Department." As such, he/she will manage and provide direction to the accounting department personnel as well as direct and lead all accounting functions to ensure that all accounting, financial and tax information are properly disseminated and reported. The job requirements include a bachelor's degree in Accounting, experience in cost accounting and the preparation of cash flow statements and skills in preparing tax returns and audit revie ws. (Monster 2010) Meanwhile, a job opening in the field of managerial accounting requires a Revenue Accounting Manager who will have the following main duty: "continuously work to understand the various revenue streams to ensure the highest levels of revenue recognition." (Monster 2010) Similarly, the job requirements include a bachelor's degree in Accounting. In contrast to the job opening for a financial accountant, however, this one requires "strong project management and planning skills" and an "analytical mind which is able to process information logically delivering value added analysis." These stuffs are definitely necessary in the domain of managerial accounting. 2. According to history, accounting was first established by Luca Pacioli - an Italian Renaissance mathematician, a close friend and tutor to Leonardo da Vince and a contemporary of Christopher Columbus. Pacioli described in his work entitled "Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportione et Proportionalite" a syste m that served to make sure that financial information were efficiently kept in accurate records. This basic system eventually became established as the way to note down all transactions of businesses. (Weygandt, Kieso, etc. 2009, pp. 5-6) 3. The following are the liquidity ratios of Microsoft Corporation (MSFT) and Apple Inc. (AAPL) for the year 2010: MSFT AAPL Current Ratio 2.5 1.8 Acid Test Ratio 2.2 1.6 These ratios show that both MSFT and AAPL have sufficient liquid resources to pay up their short-term liabilities. Of the two, MSFT is the company with the higher level of liquidity. The current ratios indicate that their current assets can well be utilized to fully settle their current liabilities. Meanwhile, the acid test ratios indicate that the two companies would be able to fully settle all their short-term liabilities by using only the most liquid of their assets - namely: cash, marketable securities and accounts receivable. 4. The following are the activity measures of Micr osoft Corporation (MSFT) and Apple Inc. (AAPL) for the year 2010: Asset Management Ratios MSFT AAPL Inventory Turnover (# of times) 19.2 63.9 Accounts Receivable Turnover 5.5 16.7 Fixed Assets Turnover 8.8 17.0 Total Assets Turnover 0.8 1.1 The above

Should the U.S. Government Levy Additional Fines or Taxes on Companies Essay

Should the U.S. Government Levy Additional Fines or Taxes on Companies That Ship Jobs Overseas - Essay Example The paper tells that according to the McKinsey Global Institute the threat posed by shipping jobs abroad has been grossly exaggerated. To start with, they argue that the number of jobs lost per year to offshoring is far fewer than the normal rate of job turnover in the economy. Secondly, savings from offshoring enables companies to invest in future technologies that create more jobs at home and abroad. Thirdly, global competition improves the skills of American companies making them more competitive. Companies that offshore have the opportunity to take advantage of distinctive skills that are available overseas. Fourthly, the U.S. runs a trade surplus in services. This means that America needs other countries to buy its surplus services. If America refuses to similarly offer overseas countries a platform for trade – by refusing to procure their services – these countries may opt to retaliate and thus leave the U.S. with no one to trade in its excess capacity. On the con trary, in â€Å"It's a Flat World After All† argues that the convergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) have leveled the playing field and if not addressed as a critical issue by the U.S. policies, it could signal the end of American wealth and global dominance. He further argues that whereas in the past American companies offshored primarily to minimize production costs, nowadays they do so because they are unable to find the talent they need locally. Nobel Laureate Paul Samuelson agrees with Friedman when he states that free trade could leave rich countries worse off by eroding them off their comparative advantages. Moreover, who says that China, India, Russia and the other emerging economies are content with providing low-end, low-wage jobs for eternity.

Horse Dealers Daughter Essay -- essays research papers

Horse Dealer's Daughter This story is about a girl named Mabel who tries to commit suicide by drowning herself in a pond. A young doctor, Joe Ferguson, saves her. She then believes that he loves her. Although this idea never occurred to Joe, he begins to find that he indeed loves her. However, Mabel thinks she is "too awful" to be loved, and finds that when Joe declares over and over that he wants her and that he loves her, she is more scared about that than of Joe not wanting her. So does Joe really love Mabel? Somehow, he is convinced that he is. I don't think the idea of love or marriage ever occurred to him. When Mabel finds out that he saved her, she convinces herself that he loves her. "Do you love me, then?" she asks him. Then, more confidently, she says, "You love me. I know you love me, I know." The reason why I think she committed suicide is because she felt unloved at her home. Her father had recently died and her brothers were unkind to her. The father had left the family in debt, and the family will soon have to leave their house and move somewhere else. When asked which path she would pursue, she did not answer. I don't think she had anything planned. She probably didn't have a good education so there were few options for her. Perhaps she felt overwhelmed with the pressure to decide what to do, and decided to commit suicide. Thus, when Joe Ferguson saves her, her hope in life is renewed and she convinces herself that Joe loves he...

Foreign Literature Essay

We are committed to a cosmopolitan and multicultural syllabus. As part of this commitment, all our single-subject students take one module in a foreign literature, studied at least partly in the original language. Modules are normally available in modern Arabic, Old Norse, Anglo-Saxon and Latin, as well as French, German, Italian and Spanish literature. A detailed description of the available foreign literature pathways and modules is sent to new entrants in August. If you’re a combined course student, you don’t have to take a foreign literature pathway, though you will be welcome to do so. Pathways We offer two distinct pathways, leading either to a Literature and Language module (in the second year) or to a Foreign Literature module (in the second and third year). You can choose your pathway based on a combination of your own interests and your prior language learning, either improving your skills in a language you already know or learning a new one. Each pathway offers formal teaching in both language and literature in the second year of study, and the Foreign Literature module extends into the third year. Why study foreign literature? Investigating foreign literature will offer you a different sense of the contexts in which English literature has been produced and studied. Although foreign literatures can (and, on occasion, will) be fruitfully studied in translation, there is no substitute for engaging with a text in its original language. You’ll gain a richer understanding of the text and a particular awareness of the politics of translation, and your understanding of grammar, and developing alertness to vocabulary and ambiguity, will be essential critical skills that will inform your study of English as well. Employers look positively on the language skills our students have added to their CVs, and external examiners have praised their cosmopolitan and sophisticated literary sensibilities. The training provided by the department was fantastic and it really is a major feat being able to read foreign literature in its original language. Steve, English.

What Is Andragogy and Who Needs to Know

Andragogy, pronounced  an-druh-goh-jee, or -goj-ee, is the process of helping adults learn. The word comes from the Greek andr, meaning man, and agogus, meaning leader. While pedagogy refers to the teaching of children, where the teacher is the focal point, andragogy shifts the focus from the teacher to the learner. Adults learn best when the focus is on them and they have control over their learning. The first known use of the term andragogy was by the German educator Alexander Kapp in 1833 in his book, Platon’s Erziehungslehre (Plato’s Educational Ideas). The term he used was andragogik. It didnt catch on and largely disappeared from usage until Malcolm Knowles made it widely known in the 1970s. Knowles, a pioneer and advocate of adult education, wrote more than 200 articles and books on adult education. He espoused five principles that he observed about adult learning at its best: Adults understand why something is important to know or do.They have the freedom to learn in their own way.Learning is experiential.The time is right for them to learn.The process is positive and encouraging. Read a full description of these five principles in  5 Principles for the Teacher of Adults Knowles is also famous for encouraging the informal education of adults. He understood that many of our social problems stem from human relations and can be solved only through education–in the home, on the job, and anywhere else people gather. He wanted people to learn to cooperate with each other, believing this was the foundation of democracy. Outcomes of Andragogy In his book, Informal Adult Education, Malcolm Knowles wrote that he believed andragogy should produce the following outcomes: Adults should acquire a mature understanding of themselves — they should accept and respect themselves and always strive to become better.Adults should develop an attitude of acceptance, love, and respect toward others — they should learn to challenge ideas without threatening people.Adults should develop a dynamic attitude toward life — they should accept that they are always changing and look at every experience as an opportunity to learn.Adults should learn to react to the causes, not the symptoms, of behavior — solutions to problems lie in their causes, not their symptoms.Adults should acquire the skills necessary to achieve the potentials of their personalities — every person is capable of contributing to society and has an obligation to develop his own individual talents. Adults should understand the essential values in the capital of human experience — they should understand the great ideas and traditions of history and realize that th ese are what bind people together.Adults should understand their society and should be skillful in directing social change — In a democracy, the people participate in making decisions that affect the entire social order. It is imperative, therefore, that every factory worker, every salesman, every politician, every housewife, know enough about government, economics, international affairs, and other aspects of social order to be able to take part in them intelligently. Thats a tall order. It is clear that the teacher of adults has a far different job than the teacher of children. Thats what andragogy is all about.